If you’re a gardener looking to add a unique and delicious fruit tree to your backyard, look no further than the persimmon tree. Not only are persimmons incredibly easy to grow, but they offer a heavenly flavor that is unlike any other fruit. In this comprehensive guide, we will take you through everything you need to know about growing persimmon trees, from selecting the right variety to caring for your tree and harvesting the delicious fruits.
The Persimmon Tree: A Hidden Gem
Most people have never heard of persimmons, which is unfortunate because they are a true delight for the taste buds. Persimmon trees belong to the genus Diospyros, which translates loosely to “fruit of the Gods.” When ripe, persimmon fruits have a unique combination of flavors, including hints of honey, cinnamon, and spice. They have a jelly-like texture that is truly heavenly. Unfortunately, persimmons are almost impossible to find in grocery stores because they cannot be shipped when ripe. This is why growing your own persimmon tree is the only way to truly experience the incredible flavor of this fruit.
Astringent and Non-Astringent Persimmons: Know the Difference
Before you start growing persimmon trees, it’s important to understand the two types of persimmon fruits: astringent and non-astringent. Astringent persimmons contain soluble tannins, which give them a dry and puckering feel when eaten unripe. However, as the fruit ripens, the tannin content fades, and the persimmon becomes soft and jelly-like. These fully ripened astringent persimmons are the most sought after for their incredible flavor.
On the other hand, non-astringent persimmons have a low tannin content, allowing them to be eaten even when firm and crisp, similar to an apple. They can also be eaten when fully ripened, but most varieties won’t reach the same jelly-like consistency as astringent persimmons.
Choosing the Right Persimmon Tree Variety
There are three main types of persimmon trees to choose from: American persimmon, Asian persimmon, and Asian-American hybrids. American persimmons are native to the eastern half of the United States and are known for their hardiness and resistance to pests and diseases. They are a great choice for backyard growers in the US, as they require minimal maintenance once established. American persimmon trees are generally large, but they can be managed through annual pruning.
Asian persimmons, on the other hand, have been cultivated for generations and offer a wide variety of cultivars to choose from. They are smaller in stature compared to American persimmons, making them perfect for smaller yards. Asian persimmons also come in both astringent and non-astringent varieties.
For those living in colder climates, Asian-American hybrids are the best choice. These trees combine the smaller stature of Asian persimmons with the cold hardiness of American persimmons, allowing them to thrive in colder zones.
Pollination: Understanding the Basics
It’s important to note that Asian and American persimmon trees do not pollinate each other. American persimmons are usually either male or female, meaning you will need both a male and a female tree for fruit production. This can be challenging for backyard growers, as it requires extra space and effort.
Fortunately, there are self-fertile American persimmon cultivars available, which are game-changers for potential cultivation. These self-fertile varieties do not require a separate male tree for pollination and fruit production, making them a popular choice for backyard growers.
Asian persimmons, on the other hand, are mostly self-fertile, meaning they can produce fruit without the need for a separate pollinator tree. However, some varieties change completely once pollinated, leading to an increase in size and flavor.
Planting and Caring for Your Persimmon Tree
Planting a persimmon tree is a relatively easy process. Start by digging a hole twice the size of the root ball and adding compost and organic fertilizer to the bottom of the hole. Optionally, you can use bone meal to promote root development. Place the root ball slightly elevated above the soil line and firmly tamp the compost and soil around it. Avoid burying the graft of a grafted fruit tree and top-dress the soil with more fertilizer and bone meal. Finally, add a layer of natural mulch to conserve moisture and suppress weeds.
Caring for your persimmon tree involves regular watering, especially during dry periods, and occasional pruning to maintain its shape and size. Mulching around the base of the tree will help retain moisture and prevent weed growth. Additionally, apply a balanced organic fertilizer in the early spring to encourage healthy growth and fruit production.
Harvesting and Enjoying Delicious Persimmons
The best part of growing persimmon trees is undoubtedly the harvest. Persimmons typically ripen after the first few frosts, which extends your harvest season well into the fall or even winter. Astringent persimmons should be left on the tree until they turn very soft, similar to a ripe tomato. This is when they are at their most flavorful and jelly-like consistency. Non-astringent persimmons can be eaten when firm, like an apple, but they will continue to soften and sweeten as they ripen further.
To harvest persimmons, simply pick them gently from the tree, making sure not to damage the fruit or the tree. Store ripe persimmons in a cool, dry place or enjoy them immediately. Astringent persimmons have a short shelf life and are best eaten soon after picking.
Conclusion
Growing self-pollinating persimmon trees is a rewarding experience for any gardener. With their unique flavor and beautiful fruit, persimmon trees make a stunning addition to any backyard or garden. By understanding the different varieties, pollination requirements, and proper care techniques, you can successfully grow and enjoy your very own persimmons throughout the year. Whether you choose the astringent American persimmon, the versatile Asian persimmon, or a cold-hardy Asian-American hybrid, you are sure to be impressed by the delectable and exquisite fruits these trees produce. So why not give persimmons a try and experience the fruit of the Gods in your own backyard?
